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Java QR-Code Barcodes Generator Guide

QR-Code Bar Code Generation Guide in Java class, J2EE, Jasper Reports, iReport & Eclipse BIRT
  • Easily generate QR-Code barcodes in Java applications
  • Compatible with the latest QR-Code ISO specification [ISO/IEC 18004 (Second edition 2006-09-01)]
  • Generate high quality QR-Code images in JPEG, GIF & PNG formats
  • 100% build in Java, compatible with JDK 1.4 and later version
  • Generate QR-Code barcodes on applications and systems with a Java virtual machine
  • Generate QR-Code in Jasper Reports & iReport
  • Generate QR-Code in Eclipse BIRT
  • Professional Java Barcode Generator library which enjoys customer appreciation for more than 10 years
  • Royalty-free developer license, one time purchase for lifetime use
Java QR-Code Introduction
QR-Code is also known as Denso Barcode, QRCode, Quick Response Code, JIS X 0510, ISO/IEC18004.
Compatibility: Barcode for Java library is compatible with the latest Code-39 ISO specification [ISO/IEC 18004 (Second edition 2006-09-01)].
QR Code is a kind of 2-D (two-dimensional) symbology developed by Denso Wave (a division of Denso Corporation at the time) and released in 1994 with the primary aim of being a symbol that is easily interpreted by scanner equipment.
QR Code is capable of handling all types of data, such as numeric and alphabetic characters, Kanji, Kana, Hiragana, symbols, binary, and control codes.
The symbol versions of QR Code range from Version 1 to Version 40. Each version has a different module configuration or number of modules (the module refers to the black and white dots that make up QR Code). "Module configuration" refers to the number of modules contained in a symbol, commencing with Version 1 (21 x 21 modules) up to Version 40 (177 x 177 modules). Each higher version number comprises 4 additional modules per side. Each QR Code symbol version has the maximum data capacity according to the amount of data, character type and error correction level. In other words, as the amount of data increases, more modules are required to comprise QR Code, resulting in larger QR Code symbols.
QR Code has error correction capability to restore data if the code is dirty or damaged. Four error correction levels are available for users to choose according to the operating environment. Raising this level improves error correction capability but also increases the amount of data QR Code size. To select error correction level, various factors such as the operating environment and QR Code size need to be considered. Level Q or H may be selected for factory environment where QR Code gets dirty, whereas Level L may be selected for clean environment with the large amount of data. Typically, Level M (15%) is most frequently selected. The QR Code error correction feature is implemented by adding a Reed-Solomon Code to the original data.
Java QR-Code Basic Characteristics
QR Code is a matrix symbology with the following characteristics:
  1. Formats: QR Code, with full range of capabilities and maximum data capacity;
  2. Encodable character set:
    • numeric data (digits 0 - 9);
    • alphanumeric data (digits 0 - 9; upper case letters A -Z; nine other characters: space, $ % * + - . / : );
    • byte data (default: ISO/IEC 8859-1);
    • Kanji characters.
  3. Version (Symbol size) (not including quiet zone): 21 x 21 modules to 177 x 177 modules (Versions 1 to 40, increasing in steps of four modules per side).
  4. Maximum QR Code symbol size, Version 40-L:
    • numeric data: 7089 characters
    • alphanumeric data: 4296 characters
    • Byte data: 2953 characters
    • Kanji data: 1817 characters
  5. Selectable error correction level:
    Four levels of Reed-Solomon error correction (referred to as L, M, Q and H in increasing order of capacity) allowing recovery of:
    • L 7% of the symbol codewords.
    • M 15% of the symbol codewords.
    • Q 25% of the symbol codewords.
    • H 30% of the symbol codewords.
  6. Structured Append: This allows files of data to be represented logically and continuously in up to 16 QR Code symbols.
    These may be scanned in any sequence to enable the original data to be correctly reconstructed.
  7. Extended Channel Interpretations: This mechanism enables data using character sets other than the default encodable set (e.g. Arabic,Cyrillic, Greek) and other data interpretations (e.g. compacted data using defined compression schemes)or other industry-specific requirements to be encoded.
  8. FNC1 Mode: FNC1 mode is used for messages containing specific data formats. In the "1st position" it designates data formatted in accordance with the GS1 General Specifications. In the "2nd position" it designates data formatted in accordance with a specific industry application previously agreed with AIM Inc. FNC1 mode applies to the entire symbol and is not affected by subsequent mode indicators.
Java QR-Code Encoding Data Scope
Java QR-Code Generator supports:
  • numeric data (digits 0 - 9);
  • alphanumeric data (digits 0 - 9; upper case letters A -Z; nine other characters: space, $ % * + - . / : );
  • byte data (default: ISO/IEC 8859-1);
  • Kanji characters.
How to Generate QR-Code Barcode in Java Class?
The following Java code illustrates how to create a QR-Code barcode, and output to various formats.
1     QRCode barcode = new QRCode(); 
2 barcode.setData("123456789");

// add more QRCode property settings here
3 barcode.renderBarcode("c:/barcode.gif");

4 BufferedImage bufferedImage = barcode.renderBarcode();

5 byte[] barcodeBytes = barcode.renderBarcodeToBytes();

6 Graphics2D g = ...
7 Rectangle2D rectangle = ...
8 barcode.renderBarcode(g, rectangle);

9 OutputStream outputStream = ...
10 barcode.renderBarcode(outputStream);
  • Create a QRCode barcode object (line 1)
  • Set QRCode object barcode properties (line 2)
  • Generate QR-Code barcode and encode into gif image format (line 3)
  • Generate QR-Code and output to BufferedImage object (line 4)
  • Generate QR-Code in bitmap and output to byte[] (line 5)
  • Generate QR-Code and draw to defined area (Rectangle2D) on Graphics2D (line 6-8)
  • Generate QR-Code and output to OutputStream (line 9-10)
How to Generate Barcode QR-Code Image in Java Web Applications?
There are two methods to create QR-Code barcode images in your Java web applications.
  1. The simplest way is to stream barcode image using our buildin barcode servlet application.
    • Download the Barcode for Java Trial Package, and unzip it.
    • Under java_barcode_trial package, copy barcode folder to your java servlet container like tomcat.
    • Restart tomcat. Now you have installed successfully.
    • To test your installation, open your web browser and navigate to:
      http://YourDomain:Port/barcode/qrcode?Data=123456789
    • To create barcode image in your JSP or html page, you need pass the url to IMG tag src value. For example,
      <img src="http://YourDomain:Port/barcode/qrcode?Data=123456789" />
      Using this method, it will not generate any barcode images in your server side.
  2. The second method is to generate barcode images in your server side.
    • Create a barcode image in server side, like
      QRCode barcode = new QRCode();
      barcode.setData("123456789");
      barcode.renderBarcode("C:/Tools/Tomcat 5.5/webapps/YourWebApp/barcode-images/barcode.gif");
    • In your JSP or HTML page, you need use IMG tag to display generated image, like
      <img src="http://YourDomain:Port/YourWebApp/barcode-images/barcode.gif" />
How to Generate Barcode QR-Code Image in Jasper Reports, iReport, Eclipse BIRT?
Java QR-Code Property Settings
  1. Set the data property with the value to encode. Type is String.
    Servlet URL Parameter: "Data".
  2. Set the dataMode property. Default is QRCode.MODE_AUTO.
    Servlet URL Parameter: "DataMode". Sample: &DataMode=0.
    • QRCode.MODE_AUTO (0 default): It allows encoding all 256 possible 8-bit byte values. This includes all ASCII characters value from 0 to 127 inclusive and provides for international character set support
    • QRCode.MODE_ALPHANUMERIC (1): It allows encoding alphanumeric data (digits 0 - 9; upper case letters A -Z; nine other characters: space, $ % * + - . / : ).
    • QRCode.MODE_BYTE (2): It allows encoding byte data (default: ISO/IEC 8859-1).
    • QRCode.MODE_NUMERIC (3): It allows encoding numeric data (digits 0 - 9).
    • QRCode.MODE_KANJI (4): It allows encoding Kanji characters.
  3. Set the processTilde property to true, if you want use the tilde character "~" to specify special characters in the encoding data. Default is false.
    Servlet URL Parameter: "ProcessTilde". Value: "t" (true), "f" (false). Sample: &ProcessTilde=t.
    Format of the tilde:
    • ~NNN: is used to represent the ASCII character with the value of NNN. NNN is from 000 - 255.
    • ~6NNNNN: is used to represent the Unicode. NNNNN is from 00000 - 65535.
    • ~7NNNNNN: is used to specify the Extended Channel Interpretations and NNNNNN is a value between 000000 and 999999.
    • ~9NNNNN: is used to represent the Shift JIS. It is for Shift JIS 0x8140 ~ 0x9FFC and 0xE040 ~ 0xEBBF.
  4. Set the version property. Default is 1. Valid values are from 1 to 40.
    About Version and Symbology Size
    Servlet URL Parameter: "Version". Sample: &Version=1.
  5. Set the ecl property. QRCode Error Correction Level. Default is QRCode.ECL_L (0). About Error Correction Level
    • QRCode.ECL_L (0)
    • QRCode.ECL_M (1)
    • QRCode.ECL_Q (2)
    • QRCode.ECL_H (3)
  6. QR Code can be divided into multiple data areas. Conversely, information stored in multiple QR Code symbols can be reconstructed as single data symbols.One data symbol can be divided into up to 16 symbols.
    • SetisStructuredAppend property to true, then Structured Append is enabled. About Structure Append
      Servlet Parameter: "IsStructuredAppend".
    • Set
      symbolCount property to the number of total symbols which make the sequence.
      Servlet Parameter: "SymbolCount".
    • Set symbolIndex property to the position of current symbol in the secuence (Start with 0).
      Servlet Parameter: "SymbolIndex".
  7. Set the fnc1Mode property.
    Servlet URL Parameter: "FNC1Mode". Sample: FNC1Mode=0
    • 0 (none)
    • 1 (enabled)
  8. Setting up barcode image size.
    • Set property uom (Unit of Measure) for properties X, Y, leftMargin, rightMargin, topMargin and bottomMargin.
      Default is Linear.UOM_PIXEL (0). Valid values are Linear.UOM_PIXEL (0), Linear.UOM_CM (1), Linear.UOM_Inch (2).
      Servlet URL Parameter: "UOM". Value: 0 (pixel), 1 (cm), 2 (inch). Sample: &UOM=0.
    • Set the moduleSize (for barcode module width & height) property.
      Type is float. Default is 1.
      Servlet URL Parameter: "ModuleSize". Sample: &ModuleSize=5.
    • Set the leftMargin, rightMargin, topMargin and bottomMargin properties, and types are all float.
      Default values are 0 for all 4 margin settings.
      Servlet URL Parameter: "LeftMargin", "RightMargin", "TopMargin", "BottomMargin". Sample: &LeftMargin=0.
    • Set the resolution property (Value is expressed in DPI - Dots per inch).
      Default is 72 dpi.
      Servlet URL Parameter: "Resolution". Sample: &Resolution=72.
  9. With rotate property, you can display barcode horizontally or vertically.
    Default value is 0.
    Servlet URL Parameter: "Rotate". Sample: &Rotate=0.
    Value can be:
    • 0 (Linear.ANGLE_0),
    • 1 (Linear.ANGLE_90),
    • 2 (Linear.ANGLE_180),
    • 3 (Linear.ANGLE_270).
How to Set Generated Barcode QR-Code Image Size?
How to Encode Kanji Code?
  1. set dataMode value to QRCode.MODE_AUTO or QRCode.MODE_KANJI.
  2. set processTilde value to true.
  3. set Kanji value. there are two ways to set kanji data value. According to QRCode specification, library is using Shift JIS encoding system.
    • call method setKanjiData(int[] binaryData). Each int value represent one kanji character in Shift JIS encoding. Valid kanji values in Shift JIS encoding are from 0x8140 to 0x9FFC, and from 0xE040 to 0xEBBF.
      Please do not set data value here.
    • set property data. Use "~9NNNNN" to represent each Kanji character in Shift JIS encoding.
      For example, input character . Shift JIS Value is 0x935F, and int value is 37727.
      in method a, you call setKanjiData({37727}).
      in method b, you set data = "~937727".

All Java Barcode Types/Symbologies

Encode Linear Barcodes:
Encode Matrix Barcodes: